HISTORY OF THE PARAMOUNT THEATRE
(Page Three)
Artists and Designers
Theodore Bernardi (1903-1990)
served as director of the artistic program for Miller
and Pflueger on the Paramount Theatre project. A former
designer for the architect John Galen Howard, he was
active in the early 1930s in the Civil Works Administration
in San Francisco and was a District Officer for the
Historic American Buildings Survey. In 1945 he became a
partner in the architectural firm of Wurster, Bernardi,
and Promona.
Charles Stafford Duncan (1892-1952) painted the mural in
the basement women's smoking room of the theatre. A
painter and printmaker, Duncan was born in Hutchinson,
Kansas, studied at the Mark Hopkins Institute, now the
California Institute of Fine Arts, and was a member of
the San Francisco Art Association, the California Society
of Etchera, and the Bohemian Club. Duncan's awards
included the SFAA Gold Medal and the Bohemian Club's
James D. Phelan Prize in 1927, the SFAA's Anne Bremmer
Prize and the Pacific Southwest Exposition's Gold Medal
in 1928, and the California Palace of the Legion of
Honor's William L. Gerstle Prize in 1930. He died in
New York City in 1952 at the age of 59.
[Also see: AskArt collection of Charles Stafford Duncan material]
Gerald Fitzgerald designed the cartoons from which the
mosaics on the facade of the Paramount Theatre were made
and was also the designer of the "fountain of light,"
the large (almost 35-foot-high) illuminated carved
glass composition that is the principal decorative
feature of the entrance end of the grand lobby.
It was from Fitzgerald's preliminary designs that Robert
Boardman Howard prepared the bas-relief sculptural panels
of the auditorium, and Fitzgerald was also responsible
for the auditorium and grand lobby ceiling designs. He
studied architecture at the University of California at
Berkeley and was a member of the Miller and Pflueger
staff until the late 1930s. He served as an office consultant
on the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge project
and was referred to by Pflueger as "a brilliant young
artist." Data on his career after his leaving the
Pflueger firm have not been found.
Michael A. Goodman (1903-1991) drew and painted the
design of the grand drape, a deep valance of hard stretched
velvet. He also served as an "idea-man" for the architects and
artists working with Bernardi on the Paramount
Theatre project. Goodman was born in Lithuania and
joined the faculty of the University of California at
Berkeley in 1927. An artist, architect, and city planner,
he had received the San Francisco Art Association Gold
Medal in 1925 and the American Graphic Artists Society
Award in 1930 as well as other prizes before the Paramount was planned.
Goodman formed his own architectural
firm in 1934 and was made a Fellow of the American
Institute of Architects in 1945, the year he was appointed
Professor of Architecture at the University of California,
where he designed several of the Berkeley campus buildings.
In 1970 he received the Berkeley Citation for distinguished
achievement and notable service to the University of
California. Since 1973 he was Professor Emeritus
and Research Architect at the University.
[Also see: U.C., Berkeley: In Memoriam - Michael Arthur Goodman]
Robert Boardman Howard (1896-1983) executed the incised
decorative reliefs (called graffito-work by Pflueger)
for the auditorium walls and, with Ralph Stackpole, for
the proscenium and ceiling panels. Howard, a noted sculptor
and muralist in later years, adapted the mold-making
technique he had used for making relief maps during
U. S. military service in France during 1918-1919 for his
Paramount Theatre work. He won the San Francisco Art
Association First Medal for Sculpture in 1937, 1941, 1943,
and 1944, and his work is represented in a number of
leading musesms, including the Museum of Modern Art.
A member of the California Society of Mural Artists,
Howard worked with Pflueger on both murals and sculpture
for the San Francisco Stock Exchange. He continued to
reside in the San Francisco area until his death in 1983.
[Also see: Smithsonian Archive of American Art
9/16/64 interview with Robert Boardman Howard]
[Also see: AskArt collection of Robert Boardman Howard material]
Dorothy Wright Liebes (1899-1972) was special consultant to
Timothy Pflueger for the textiles, including
the stage curtains, used in the Paramount Theatre. She
was then on the threshold of her long and distinguished
career in textile design. After designing the appliqued
gold and silver pattern of the house curtain, among other
things, for the Paramount, she worked with Pflueger again
in 1939, when she designed the white silk ceiling-to-floor
draperies for his Patent Leather Lounge in the St.
Francis Hotel. California-born (Guerneville, CA) Dorothy Liebes numbered
Frank Lloyd Wright, Edward Durell Stone, and King Ibn
Saud of Saudi Arabia among her international clients,
and her commissions ranged from the Persian Room of the
Plaza Hotel in New York to the main lounge of the S. S.
Constitution. She specialized in custom-designed hand-loomed
textiles, not infrequently combining metallic
yarns with silk and cotton. Her textiles formed an
integral component of the architectural settings in
which they were used, and her influence raised the
craft of weaving to the status of an art.
[Also see: Smithsonian Archives of American Art
Dorothy Liebes biography and collections]
[Also see: Dorothy Liebes entry in Notable American Women: The Modern Period]
Milton T. Pflueger, A.I.A., Timothy Pflueger's brother,
worked with Theodore Bernardi in designing work, including
human
and animal figures for the facade mosaic, and
interior details. He also assisted Bernardi in directing
the work of other artists. He joined Miller and Pflueger
in 1929 and upon his brother's death in 1946
became head of the firm, then Timothy L. Pflueger and
Associates. Milton Pflueger continues to head the firm,
now Milton T. Pflueger and Associates, and was a consultant
to Skidmore, Owings & Merrill during the restoration of the theatre in 1973.
Ralph Stackpole (1885-1974) was the sculptor primarily
responsible for the proscenium ceiling panel on which
Robert Boardman Howard also worked. (also see: Library of Congress photo of proscenium ceiling panel). A noted sculptor,
and also a painter, Stackpole was born in Williams,
Oregon, and entered the California School of Fine Arts
in 1901. In 1906-07, he studied under Antoine Marclet
at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, and in 1911 he
studied painting under Robert Henri in New York. After
a second European stay in 1922-23, he returned to teach
at the California School of Fine Arts for nearly twenty
years. In 1930 he did the sculpture for Pflueger's San
Francisco Stock Exchange, and in 1938-39 he again worked
with Pflueger, when he created monumental sculpture for
the Golden Gate International Exposition. In 1949 he
settled in Puy-de-Dome, his French wife's native province,
where he died in 1974. Ralph Stackpole's major
artistic interest was the integration of monumental
sculpture with architecture.
[Also see: AskArt
collection of Ralph Stackpole material]
[Also see: Coit Tower & Murals, San Francisco Photos]
[Also see: Ralph Stackpole's
contributions to architecture and art of City Club of San Francisco]
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